Nucleic acids and protein synthesis
Nucleic acids and protein synthesis — Cambridge International AS & A Level Biology (9700, AS Level, Topic 6).
Structure of nucleic acids and replication of DNASign up
know the basic structure of mononucleotides (deoxyribose or ribose + phosphate + base: thymine, uracil, adenine, cytosine or guanine) and the structure of DNA and RNA (polynucleotides linked by phosphodiester bonds) · know how complementary base pairing and hydrogen bonding form the DNA double helix · understand DNA replication and the role of DNA polymerase · understand how Meselson and Stahl's classic experiment supported the accepted theory of DNA replication · understand the nature of the genetic code (triplet, non-overlapping, degenerate); know that a gene is a base sequence on DNA coding for a polypeptide
Protein synthesisSign up
understand protein synthesis (transcription and translation); roles of RNA polymerase, mRNA, tRNA, ribosomes, start and stop codons; the antisense template strand, codons on mRNA, anticodons on tRNA · understand how errors in DNA replication can give rise to mutations (substitution, insertion, deletion) · know that some mutations cause cancer or genetic disorders, but many have no observable effect