Organic Nitrogen Compounds: Amines, Amides, Amino Acids and Proteins

AminesSign up

understand the nomenclature of amides, amines and amino acids and be able to draw their structural, displayed and skeletal formulae · understand the reactions of primary aliphatic amines (using butylamine as an example) and aromatic amines (using phenylamine as an example) with: (i) water to form an alkaline solution; (ii) acids to form salts; (iii) halogenoalkanes; (iv) ethanoyl chloride; (v) copper(II) ions to form a complex ion · understand that amines are miscible with water as a result of hydrogen bonding, and the reasons for the difference in basicity between ammonia, primary aliphatic amines and primary aromatic amines · understand, in terms of reagents and general reaction conditions, the preparation of primary aliphatic amines: (i) from halogenoalkanes; (ii) by the reduction of nitriles · know the preparation of aromatic amines by the reduction of aromatic nitro-compounds using tin and concentrated hydrochloric acid · be able to describe the reaction of aromatic amines with nitrous acid to form benzenediazonium ions, followed by a coupling reaction with phenol to form a dye

Amides and PolymersSign up

understand that amides can be prepared from acyl chlorides · be able to describe: (i) condensation polymerisation for the formation of polyamides such as nylon and proteins; (ii) addition polymerisation, including poly(propenamide) and poly(ethenol) · be able to draw the structural formulae of the repeat units of the polymers in 19.8 · be able to comment on the physical properties of polyamides and the solubility in water of the addition polymer poly(ethenol) in terms of hydrogen bonding, including soluble laundry bags or liquid-detergent capsules (liquitabs)

Amino Acids and ProteinsSign up

be able to describe experiments to investigate the characteristic behaviour of amino acids limited to: (i) acidity and basicity and the formation of zwitterions; (ii) effect of aqueous solutions on plane-polarised monochromatic light; (iii) formation of peptide bonds by condensation polymerisation · CORE PRACTICAL 15: Analysis of some inorganic and organic unknowns