C3.2 Defence against disease
Pathogens and primary defences (skin, mucus, acid, clotting), innate immunity (phagocytosis + inflammation), adaptive immunity (B cells, T cells, antibodies, clonal selection, memory), vaccination + herd immunity, HIV destroying helper T cells, and the evolution of antibiotic resistance.
Pathogens and primary defenceSign up
Pathogen types (bacteria, viruses, fungi, protists, prions) and transmission · Primary defences: skin, mucus + cilia, stomach acid + lysozyme, clotting
Innate and adaptive immunitySign up
Phagocytosis and inflammation (innate) · Clonal selection, B + T cells, antibodies, memory (adaptive)
Vaccination, HIV, and antibiotic resistanceSign up
Vaccination + memory + herd immunity · HIV destroys helper T cells; antibiotic resistance evolves under selection